The Half-Life of Knowledge in Engineering: A Personal Reflection

The Half-Life of Knowledge in Engineering: A Personal Reflection

When I graduated from IIT Kharagpur in 1965 in Electrical Engineering, the landscape of engineering was vastly different from what it is today. The fundamental principles we learned, such as Ohm’s Law, Kirchhoff’s Law, and Fleming’s Thumb Rule, remain constants in the field. However, the applications and technologies built on these principles have undergone a sea change. Reflecting on this evolution, I realize that the half-life of our technical knowledge—the period after which half of what we have learned becomes obsolete—is a critical concept to grasp in our ever-advancing field.

During my college days, much of what we studied served to broaden our vision rather than prepare us for the specific technologies we would encounter in our careers. In the 1960s, materials science was in its nascent stage, and many of the high-strength, lightweight metals we take for granted today were still under development. The equipment we used—motors, switchgears, and generators—have since evolved dramatically, driven by innovations in materials and manufacturing processes.

The rapid pace of technological advancement, particularly with the advent of computers and artificial intelligence, means that the knowledge acquired by today’s engineering graduates will have a much shorter half-life than mine did. The only viable solution is continuous learning and knowledge upgrading. Alvin Toffler, in the 1960s, foresaw this acceleration, predicting that the time from concept to production would shrink dramatically in his best selling book "The future shock". His prediction has come true, with product development cycles now measured in months rather than years.

A striking example of this rapid obsolescence can be seen in the automotive industry. Australia, once a car manufacturing hub, ceased its car production when it couldn't compete with cheaper, more efficient Japanese models. I once met an Australian industrialist who manufactured windshields and rear-view mirrors. His business, once thriving, went bust under the onslaught of cheaper Chinese imports. This stark reality highlights the risks associated with setting up a manufacturing plant in today’s competitive global market. The danger of obsolescence is ever-present, as competitors can quickly emerge with cheaper or more efficient alternatives.

In my career, I have seen the transformative impact of these technological advancements firsthand. Working at the Barauni Refinery of Indian Oil, I witnessed the transition from an old Russian-built refinery to a new digital process. This change was so profound that it required a complete overhaul of the workforce, with older employees taking voluntary retirement and new, tech-savvy staff being brought in. It was a hard decision, but one that was necessary to keep up with the rapid pace of technological change.

At BHEL, I had to adopt a policy of continuous learning and adaptation. When my juniors came to me with problems, I encouraged them to propose at least two solutions. This approach not only fostered innovative thinking but also prepared us to handle the inevitable technological changes that lay ahead. 

Reflecting on my experiences, I see the importance of root cause analysis in navigating these changes. Tools like the fishbone diagram help us identify the underlying issues, enabling us to adapt and find solutions. However, even with these tools, the key takeaway is that in today’s world, staying static is not an option. Continuous learning and adaptability are crucial to staying relevant and competitive.

In conclusion, the half-life of knowledge in engineering is shortening, driven by rapid technological advancements. To navigate this ever-changing landscape, we must commit to lifelong learning and be prepared to adapt quickly. The story of Australia’s automotive industry and my own experiences underscore the challenges and opportunities that come with this fast-paced evolution. By embracing change and continuously upgrading our skills, we can stay ahead in this dynamic field.

Chaos juggled with humor wins

Subramanian had always been a curious man, and his curiosity often led him to the strangest of places. One day, he found himself climbing the hills beyond Rishikesh, seeking out sadhus who were known for their mystical powers. The hillside was dotted with holy men sitting under trees, each deep in meditation, looking like spiritual vendors displaying their wares to attract disciples.

Subramanian, however, wasn't interested in these regular sadhus. He had a very specific purpose in mind: he wanted to learn the art of bilocation—the ability to be in two places at once. This, he believed, would solve his most pressing problem back in Tamil Nadu: managing his two wives. He had read somewhere that Western saints could perform this trick, and he was determined to learn it.

As he ventured deeper into the jungle, the usual sadhus faded away, replaced by the sounds of nature. Finally, after hours of trekking, he stumbled upon a small clearing where an old sadhu sat cross-legged, his eyes closed, surrounded by an aura of tranquility.

"This must be the one," Subramanian thought, approaching with a mix of reverence and desperation.

The sadhu opened one eye, seemingly aware of Subramanian's presence. "What brings you here, my son?" he asked in a calm, deep voice.

"Great Sadhu, I seek the knowledge of bilocation," Subramanian replied earnestly. "I need it to manage my... complex domestic life."

The sadhu raised an eyebrow. "Bilocation? And why would you need such a skill?"

Subramanian explained his predicament: how he had ended up with two wives, each blissfully unaware of the other's existence, and how maintaining this delicate balance was becoming increasingly difficult.

The sadhu chuckled. "Ah, the things we men do for peace. Very well, I will teach you, but you must follow my instructions to the letter."

For the next few weeks, Subramanian trained under the sadhu's guidance. The exercises were bizarre: he had to meditate while balancing a coconut on his head, chant mantras while hopping on one foot, and even practice juggling with fire sticks. Despite the oddity of the tasks, Subramanian persevered, convinced that he was on the verge of mastering bilocation.

One day, the sadhu declared that Subramanian was ready. "Tonight, you will attempt bilocation," he said. "Find a quiet place, meditate deeply, and you will be in two places at once."

That night, Subramanian did as instructed. He found a secluded spot, sat down, and began his meditation. He felt a strange sensation, as if he was being stretched, and then—snap! He opened his eyes and found himself sitting in two places: one still in the jungle, and the other... in his home in Tamil Nadu, right between his two wives!

At first, Subramanian was thrilled. "It worked!" he thought. But his joy was short-lived. Both wives, startled by his sudden appearance, began questioning him simultaneously. He realized he could hear them both clearly, and worse, he had to answer both at the same time.

"Where have you been?" one asked.

"Why do you look so strange?" the other demanded.

As Subramanian tried to respond, he found that his words were jumbled, answering one wife's question with the other wife's answer. It was a comedy of errors. The more he tried to explain, the more entangled his lies became.

Finally, in a fit of panic, he tried to undo the bilocation, but he couldn't remember how. The sadhu hadn't taught him the return technique!

Back in the jungle, the sadhu was watching through his mystical powers and chuckling to himself. "Ah, the lessons we learn the hard way," he mused.

Subramanian spent the next few hours running between rooms, trying to keep up with both wives, who were now more suspicious than ever. Exhausted and desperate, he finally collapsed, wishing he had never sought out bilocation in the first place.

The next morning, Subramanian returned to the jungle, his face a mixture of fatigue and resignation. "Great Sadhu, I need your help. This bilocation is more trouble than it's worth."

The sadhu laughed heartily. "The secret to peace, my son, is not being in two places at once but being present where you are needed the most. Now, let me teach you the art of graceful escape."

And so, Subramanian learned the most valuable lesson of all: sometimes, the best magic is simply learning how to manage the chaos of life with a sense of humor and a lot of patience.

"From Soviet Blueprints to Modern India: Personal Reflections on Russian Expertise, Friendship, and Unseen Ties

---

I always considered Russians as better partners for us compared to Americans. In the initial stages, all our heavy industries like refining, steel, mining, fertilizer, and heavy machinery PSUs like BHEL and Hindustan Antibiotics,discovering oil in Anklewar and Kallol of ONGC in Gujarat were done with Russian collaboration and financial support. Even IIT Bombay was funded by the Russians. My encounters with Russians began during my Barauni Refinery days. Both the Barauni and Baroda refineries were built with Russian collaboration. They freely shared their technology, complete with detailed calculations. Whenever we faced a technical issue at Barauni, I would head to the technical service library and pull out the original calculations and blueprints. This access to Russian technical documentation allowed me to learn a great deal that wasn't covered during my time at IIT Kharagpur, which was built under the Colombo Plan.

My next significant contact with the Russians was at Vizag Steel in 1989. The blast furnace and raw material handling systems there were based on Russian technology. Russia was still unified then, but I left Vizag for my next posting at Farakka Super Thermal Power Station in December 1991, just as the Soviet Union was disintegrating into multiple smaller countries.

During my Bhopal days starting in 2000, I once again engaged with Russia and Ukraine. We collaborated with the hydro lab Kharkhob in Ukraine to design a runner, enabling us to compete against Alstom,Voith etc and win the contract of Kameng Hydro in Arunachal . I met Alexendrov during this time, a highly skilled technocrat with seven patents to his name. He played a crucial role in bringing mechanical designers for our transformers. When I visited Russia and Ukraine in 2003 for meetings with LMZ, Alexendrov acted as our interpreter and guide. Tragically, I recently learned that he is no more. We found that the world renowned Technological set up LMZ was owned by a Russian oligarch,an arrogant character like Putin.

Why am I writing this? Because in the last two years, I've read two books focused on Russia that paint a dismal picture of the condition of Russian intellectuals: "Second Hand Time" by Nobel-winning author Svetlana Alexievich and "A Gentleman in Moscow" by Amor Towles. Reading these books made me feel sad. I witnessed a man like Alexendrov, with his high caliber having 7/8 patents acting as our guide and interpreter. In India, he would have been revered. We used to pay him $100 a day, covering his fare, boarding, and lodging. In contrast, an American or German expert in 2003 would have cost us at least $500 a day. Today, an Indian expert costs a minimum of Rs 50,000 a day.

Indian business fraternity has taken advantage of the collapse of Russia by engaging Russian technicians and engineers in new steel plants established by companies like Mittals, Jindals and Ruias. I've seen numerous skilled Russian engineers contributing to these projects at a fraction of the cost we would have paid for Western experts. This access to affordable expertise has significantly aided India's industrial growth, proving yet again the long-standing value of our partnership with Russia.

This trend is not limited to industrial sectors alone. Private airlines in India have also employed many Russian pilots. These pilots, often with extensive experience and high levels of training, were available at a cost significantly lower than their Western counterparts. Their presence has helped maintain high standards of aviation safety and service while keeping operational costs manageable.

Additionally, I have seen groups of Russians coming to India to purchase ready-made garments in bulk, while we were staying in Karol Bagh ,Delhi I have seen hoards of Russians staying in seedy cheap hotels in Pahargaunj.They would purchase cheap readymade garments to be sold in Russia. These groups often include former doctors, engineers, and other professionals who now engage in trade to support their families. They buy garments in India and sell them back in Moscow, leveraging the cost advantages and quality of Indian textiles. During my visit to Russia I was about to buy some garments then our guide warned laughingly that those were all from India.

These examples illustrate the broad spectrum of Russian expertise that India has harnessed over the years, contributing to various sectors of our economy. While it is beneficial for us, it is equally a poignant reminder of the challenging circumstances faced by many skilled Russians who have had to adapt to new roles far from their original professions.

In "Second Hand Time" by Svetlana Alexievich, the Nobel-winning author presents a haunting portrayal of post-Soviet Russia through the voices of ordinary people. The book is a collection of interviews that reveal the disillusionment, nostalgia, and hardships experienced by those who lived through the transition from communism to capitalism. Alexievich captures the emotional and psychological toll on Russian society, painting a picture of a nation struggling to redefine its identity amidst economic and social upheaval.

"A Gentleman in Moscow" by Amor Towles offers a fictional yet equally compelling view of Russian history. The novel follows Count Alexander Rostov, an aristocrat sentenced to house arrest in a grand hotel across the street from the Kremlin in the wake of the Bolshevik Revolution. Through his eyes, we witness the dramatic changes in Russia over several decades. Despite the constraints of his confinement, Rostov maintains his dignity and wit, forging deep connections with the hotel's staff and guests. Towles' narrative beautifully captures the resilience and adaptability of the human spirit in the face of monumental societal changes.

Reading these books made me reflect on the fate of Russian intellectuals and professionals like Alexendrov, who, despite their immense talent and knowledge, found themselves in diminished roles due to the socio-economic turmoil in their country. These personal stories and historical narratives underscore the profound impact of geopolitical shifts on individual lives and the enduring connections between our nations.

During my IIT days, I was an avid reader of spy thrillers where Soviet Russia was often depicted as the villain. I was particularly fond of James Bond novels; in "From Russia with Love," SMERSH, the anti-espionage wing of the USSR, was the villain group. Those days, the Cold War between the US and USSR had divided the world into two blocs—those aligned with the US, those aligned with the USSR, and those who remained neutral, known as the third world. However, I wasn't personally influenced by these books as I didn't analyze them deeply. My project guide was Prof Zerikhin ,a Russian but our discussions never ventured beyond the subject matter. This personal connection, however brief, reinforced my belief in the value of Russian expertise and the enduring professional ties we have built over the years.

Climbing the Stairway to Heaven: Journeying to Inner Peace and the Mystical Realms of the Mind

When I met Joshi, he was a changed man. The spark in his eyes was different, calmer, as if he had found an inner peace that eluded many of us. He shared his journey with me, a path that led him back to his roots in Uttarakhand. There, he met a sadhu who transformed his life. Intrigued, I pressed for details. "What did he do, or rather, what did you ask?" I inquired, eager to uncover the secret. Joshi smiled, a serene expression softening his features. "I wanted peace and control over my forgetfulness," he began. "So, what did the sadhu do?" I prodded gently. "He taught me self-hypnotism," Joshi replied. "I spent a month in his ashram, and it was no easy feat. To master self-hypnotism, I had to practice diligently. Creating a void in the mind is a real challenge when thoughts are racing incessantly. He advised me to lie down in a secluded place, close my eyes, and focus my mind on one subject to evacuate the clutter. I chose to imagine climbing a stairway to heaven." As he recounted his experience, I could almost picture Joshi lying under the canopy of ancient trees, the rustle of leaves and the distant hum of the Ganges serving as the backdrop to his mental journey. Each day, he would retreat to a secluded spot within the ashram, a place where the world seemed to pause. With eyes closed, he would take deep, measured breaths, feeling the cool earth beneath him and the warmth of the sun above. The sadhu's teachings were simple yet profound. "Imagine an endless stairway," he had instructed Joshi. "A stairway that ascends to the heavens. Focus on each step, feel the texture under your feet, the weight of your body shifting as you climb. Let everything else fade away." At first, Joshi's mind was a storm of thoughts, a chaotic dance of past memories, future anxieties, and present distractions. But with each session, he grew more adept at silencing the noise. The imaginary stairway became his anchor, each step a journey deeper into his own consciousness. Weeks passed, and Joshi's determination bore fruit. One day, as he climbed his mental stairway, he felt a profound stillness. The incessant chatter in his mind dulled to a whisper and then ceased altogether. He had reached the void the sadhu spoke of – a place of pure potential, where the mind could rest and rejuvenate. "I got hypnotized," Joshi continued, his voice barely above a whisper. "In that state, I found an incredible sense of calm. I could dig out information from my memory, details that were otherwise lost in the chaos. It even allowed me to embark on imaginary journeys based on books I was reading." He paused, his eyes twinkling with excitement. "One of the most extraordinary experiences was when I read 'Lost Horizon' by James Hilton. I was so captivated by the idea of Shangri-La that I decided to use it as my focus during self-hypnosis. In my mind, I traveled to that mystical valley, met the monks, and experienced the tranquility and wisdom of Shangri-La as if I were truly there." His vivid description transported me to that serene, fictional paradise. Joshi spoke of walking through the lush, verdant valleys, engaging in deep conversations with the wise monks, and feeling the profound peace of Shangri-La envelop him. The practice not only helped him manage stress but also opened new worlds of imagination and memory retrieval, enriching his life in ways he had never thought possible. His transformation was nothing short of miraculous, a testament to the power of the mind and the ancient wisdom of the sadhu. As I listened to Joshi, I couldn't help but feel a spark of curiosity and hope. If he could find such profound change, perhaps I could too. Inspired, I decided to give it a try, to seek out my own stairway to heaven and explore the depths of my consciousness. Thus began my journey, guided by Joshi's story, towards inner peace and mastery over my mind. The path was daunting, but with each step, I grew more confident, more attuned to the silent strength within. And in that silence, I discovered a world of possibilities, waiting to be explored.

### The Sweet Rewards of Higher Aspirations: Lessons from Nature and Life

Beyond the Low-Hanging Fruit: Striving for Higher Goals

During my tenure in Bhopal, I had the privilege of staying in an official bungalow that boasted a large courtyard filled with fruit-bearing trees—mango, guava, and jackfruit. During guava season, I noticed an interesting phenomenon. The guavas within easy reach were not particularly sweet, while the birds seemed to enjoy the guavas perched high up on the branches. Curious, I had those higher guavas plucked and found them to be much sweeter than the lower ones. It struck me that the guavas at higher branches were getting more sun and air compared to the ones on the inner or lower branches.

This observation led me to a broader reflection on life and effort. While low-hanging fruit, representing minimal effort, can yield quick results and keep us motivated, the true rewards often lie higher up, requiring more effort and perseverance. This principle is not only evident in nature but also in various facets of life, including professional achievements, personal growth, and societal progress. Here, I illustrate this premise with examples from the Indian context.

 Education and Career Advancement

In India, education has long been seen as the gateway to better opportunities. For many, the initial goal is to secure a basic education, akin to plucking low-hanging fruit. However, the competitive landscape demands higher aspirations. Take the example of Sundar Pichai, CEO of Alphabet Inc. and its subsidiary Google. Pichai's journey from a modest upbringing in Chennai to the helm of one of the world's leading tech companies exemplifies the pursuit of higher branches. His determination to pursue engineering at IIT Kharagpur, followed by advanced studies at Stanford University and the Wharton School, required significant effort and perseverance but ultimately led to unparalleled success.

Entrepreneurship and Innovation

The Indian startup ecosystem offers another vivid example. While establishing a small business can provide immediate returns and satisfaction, the most impactful innovations often require venturing beyond the obvious. For instance, Flipkart, founded by Sachin and Binny Bansal, started as an online bookstore. The initial success was the low-hanging fruit, but their ambition to transform Flipkart into a comprehensive e-commerce platform akin to Amazon required navigating complex logistics, technology challenges, and fierce competition. Today, Flipkart is a leading e-commerce giant in India, thanks to their willingness to reach higher.

Social and Environmental Initiatives

In the realm of social and environmental progress, the story of Dr. Arunachalam Muruganantham is particularly inspiring. Known as the "Pad Man," he revolutionized menstrual hygiene in rural India by developing affordable sanitary pads. Initially, it would have been easier to accept the status quo or make minor improvements, akin to picking low-hanging fruit. Instead, Muruganantham aimed higher, conducting extensive research, developing a low-cost machine, and fighting societal taboos to empower women across India. His efforts have had a profound impact on health and gender equality.

Conclusion

The lessons from my courtyard in Bhopal underscore a universal truth: while low-hanging fruit offers immediate gratification, true fulfillment and significant achievements lie in reaching higher. Whether in education, career, entrepreneurship, or social change, the effort to aim higher and persevere yields sweeter rewards. In the Indian context, this principle is exemplified by individuals and initiatives that have transformed challenges into opportunities, pushing beyond the obvious to achieve greatness. As we navigate our own paths, let us be inspired to look beyond the immediate and strive for the higher branches, where the ripest and sweetest fruits await.

The Strategic Edge: Harnessing the Power of Alternative Solutions in Management

In the ever-evolving landscape of modern management, the need for alternative solutions has never been more critical. The old adage, "necessity is the mother of invention," holds true as organizations and individuals alike strive to navigate challenges with creativity and resilience. This mindset fosters innovation and ensures preparedness, embodied in the often-repeated mantra of having a "Plan B."

#### The Power of Alternative Solutions

An alternative solution, even if seemingly wild or initially cost-ineffective, demonstrates proactive thinking and resourcefulness. It signifies that a team has anticipated potential hurdles and is prepared to address them. This foresight can be the difference between seamless continuity and disruptive setbacks.

During my school days, walking served as a simple yet effective alternative to relying on the state bus. This early lesson in adaptability has profound implications in today’s corporate world. Consider the transformation of work environments: the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the necessity of remote work. When traveling to the office became impractical, work from home emerged as a viable alternative, showcasing the agility of businesses to maintain operations amidst unprecedented disruptions.

#### Modern Examples of Alternative Solutions

1. **Remote Work:**

   Remote work, once a privilege or a rarity, has become a cornerstone of modern business continuity planning. Companies that had the infrastructure and policies in place for remote work found themselves better equipped to handle the sudden shift brought on by the pandemic. This alternative solution not only ensured business continuity but also reshaped the future of work, emphasizing flexibility and employee well-being.

2. **App-Driven Cab Hiring:**

   In urban environments, personal conveyance often leads to challenges such as parking difficulties and the stress of navigating crowded streets. Young professionals have increasingly turned to app-driven cab services like Uber and Lyft. This alternative eliminates the hassles associated with car ownership, offering a convenient, stress-free solution that underscores the shift towards a sharing economy.

3. **Technological Adaptation:**

   In the industrial sector, technological advancements often necessitate significant shifts. Organizations must identify knowledge gaps and adapt accordingly. My experience at the Barauni Refinery exemplifies this. The transition from an old Russian-built refinery to a new, digitally controlled process required new skill sets. Indian Oil’s approach of offering voluntary retirement and recruiting new staff with relevant expertise ensured a smooth technological transition.

#### Planning for Alternatives in Management

Management honchos emphasize the importance of Plan B for a reason. It is not just about having a backup; it’s about cultivating a culture of preparedness and resilience. Here are key strategies for integrating alternative solutions into management practices:

1. **Scenario Planning:**

   Regularly engage in scenario planning to anticipate potential disruptions. Identify critical areas where alternatives might be needed and develop comprehensive plans to address them.

2. **Encourage Innovation:**

   Foster a culture that encourages innovative thinking and problem-solving. Employees should feel empowered to propose unconventional solutions without fear of failure. During my tenure at BHEL, I followed a policy for my juniors: "When you are coming to me with a problem, then come with two solutions." This approach not only encouraged them to think critically but also prepared them to handle challenges independently.

3. **Continuous Learning:**

   Invest in continuous learning and development programs. Equip your team with the skills and knowledge needed to adapt to new technologies and methodologies.

4. **Flexibility and Adaptability:**

   Build flexibility into your operational processes. Whether it’s through flexible work arrangements, scalable technology infrastructure, or versatile supply chains, ensure your organization can pivot when needed.

5. **Feedback Loops:**

   Establish feedback loops to regularly assess the effectiveness of alternative solutions. Learn from experiences and refine your strategies to enhance future preparedness.

#### Conclusion

In conclusion, the necessity of alternative solutions in management cannot be overstated. Whether it’s walking as a backup to the state bus, working from home during a pandemic, or using app-driven cabs to avoid urban congestion, the ability to pivot and adapt is crucial. By embracing the philosophy that necessity drives invention, managers can foster a proactive, resilient, and innovative organizational culture. This approach not only ensures continuity in the face of adversity but also drives long-term success and sustainability.

ভাল থাকা

যথারীতি ছাতা হাতে সকালে লেকে হাঁটার জন্য বেরিয়ে পড়লাম l রাত্তির 2 থেকে বৃষ্টি হচ্ছে l লেক প্রায় ফাঁকা, আমারো বিছনা ছাড়তে ইচ্ছে হচ্ছিল না,বেশ ঝাঁপিয়ে বৃষ্টি হচ্ছিল!
আমাদের বয়সে অভ্যাস টা নিয়ম মত চালিয়ে যেতে হয় l
ঐ যে ওঠার পর ফ্রেশ হয়ে নিয়ে একটু ফ্রি হ্যান্ড এক্সারসাইজ করা,তার পর চা বিস্কুট, কিছু ড্রাই ফ্রুট ব্যাস হাঁটার জন্য তৈরি l
লিফট অপারেটর প্রাণেশ হেঁসে বললো কি স্যার বৃষ্টি তেও ছাতার দিকে ইশারা করে l আমি মাথা নাড়লাম, ছেলেটা ভালো,ও জানে আমি কখন বের হই তখন লিফট থামিয়ে বেরিয়ে আমার জন্য অপেক্ষা করে অবশ্য কোনো কল না থাকলে!
আমদের বয়সে কেউ যখন চেনে তখন ভালই লাগে, retirement এর পরে লোকে আস্তে আস্তে ভুলতে বসে l আমরা যারা হাউজিং সোসাইটি থাকি তাদের একে অন্যর সংগে লিফটে তো দেখা হয়ে যাইই, তার পর ঘাড় নেড়ে বলা "ভাল" l কিন্তু যারা নিজের বাড়ি তে থাকে তাদের অবশ্য পাসের বাড়ীর সংগে আলাপ কিম্বা কাজের মাসির সংগে কথা বলা l সেদিন WhatsApp এ মেসেজ পেলাম যে যাদের বয়েস হচ্ছে তাদের বেশি করে কথা বলা l কথা না বললে আস্তে আস্তে আলজেইমার রোগ ধরবে lআমার বউ তো বলে আমি বেশি কথা বলি l শুনেছি আমাদের এক আন্তিও যে বেস বড় পোস্ট থেকে retire করার পর পয়সা দিয়ে বাচ্চা ছেলেদের ডেকে গালা গাল দিত, যতদুর মনে হয় তিনি ডিস্ট্রিক্ট ম্যাজিস্ট্রেট ছিলেন ইউপি তে, এলাহাবাদে থাকতেন! ঐ গালা গাল দেওয়া অভ্যাস ছিল, চোর ছেচড় কে নিয়ে ডিল করতে করতে গালা গাল দেওয়া অভ্যাস হয়ে গেছিল !
আমার অবশ্য ঐ রকম কোনো ইস্যু নেই হ্যাঁ এই একটু আড্ডা হলে মন্দ হয় না l
আমায় দেখে কেউ হাঁসলে অমি ও হেঁসে হাত তুলে বলি "ভাল তো"! অচেনা তো কি হয়েছে,এই তো সেদিন DKS ক্লাব বউয়ের সংগে বিকেলে চা আর চিকেন কাটলেট খেতে গিয়ে ছিলাম l কিছু দূর প্রায় আমার বয়সী একজন রোল খাচ্ছিল আর আমার দিকে তাকাচ্ছিল, কোথায় দেখেছি টাইপ, প্রায়ই হয় এরকম l
বিল সাইন করে উঠলাম যাবার সময় ওনাকে বললাম ভাল, হেঁসে বললেন হাঁ,আলাপ করলাম নিজের নাম বলে l ওনার নাম কুন্তল, বউ জিগেশ করলো চেনো ওনাকে, নাতো,এখন আর চেনার দরকার পড়ে না l হেঁসে কথা বলাই একটা বড় পাসপোর্ট l
যা বল ছিলাম বৃষ্টি তে লেকে হাঁটতে হাঁটতে এক marwari ভদ্রলোক আমাকে ছাতা নিয়ে হাঁটতে দেখে মাথা নাড়ল আমিও হেঁসে হাত নাড়লাম l ভাল লাগল যে দূর থেকে আরেক জনের সঙ্গে  আলাপ হল!
এগুলো কে ইংরেজি তে বলে নোড্ডিং একুইন্টেন্স l
কিশোরের হিন্দি গান মনে পড়ে গেলো প্যার কিয়ে যা!
ভাগ্য ভাল যে আমদের চার দিকে এত লোক কথা বলার জন্য, শুধু একটু সহানুভূতি দরকার l
শেষ করি, বৃষ্টি এখনও পোড়ছে আর খিচুড়ির গন্ধ রান্না ঘর থেকে ভেসে আসছে!

S N Roy

S. N. Roy, born in Allahabad and raised in Delhi, distinguished himself early on with a strong academic foundation. In 1960, he completed his higher secondary education with distinction in Chemistry, Physics, and Maths. His academic prowess led him to IIT Kharagpur, where he graduated with Honors in Electrical Engineering in 1965.

Roy's professional journey began with a competitive entry into the Indian Oil Corporation Refineries division, where he started as an engineer trainee at the Gauhati refinery. After completing his training, he moved to Barauni Refinery in 1967, quickly advancing to the level of senior engineer. During his tenure at Barauni, he gained extensive experience in electrical maintenance and managing a captive power plant. Roy also represented the refinery in football, eventually captaining the team, and became the badminton champion of Barauni for seven consecutive years before taking voluntary retirement from both sports due to his workload at the refinery. Despite this, he continued to play badminton throughout his BHEL tenure and later picked up tennis in Bhopal, which he continues to play.

In 1978, Roy made a significant career shift to BHEL. Over the next two decades, he played a crucial role in commissioning several major thermal power stations, including those at Panipat, Singrauli, and Wanakbori. His expertise also led him to oversee the completion of the captive power station of Vizag Steel Plant. He further demonstrated his leadership by completing the Farakka Thermal Plant of 2x500 MW for NTPC.

Roy's career continued to flourish as he took on the role of General Manager in Kolkata in 1994. From 1996 to 2000, he served as the Regional Head of BHEL, Power Sector Eastern Region, where he handled the erection and commissioning of thermal, hydro, and gas power stations. His strategic vision and management skills culminated in his appointment as Executive Director of BHEL, Bhopal, from 2000 to 2003.

Upon retiring in 2003, Roy did not slow down. He took on the role of Independent Director at WPIL and Techno Electric Engineering Co., where he managed a wind power station of 200 MW, featuring the highest capacity wind turbine generator of 2.1 MW from Suzlon. He is also a Fellow of the Institute of Engineers, a prestigious recognition of his expertise and contributions to the field.

Roy's expertise in management extended beyond his professional roles. He shared his insights through various management articles, such as:

1. **The Power of Lateral Thinking in Problem Solving**: This article explores the importance and application of lateral thinking in management. It includes examples of how unconventional approaches can lead to innovative solutions in various scenarios.

2. **The Importance of Alternative Solutions**: Discussing the necessity of having a plan B, this article emphasizes that alternative solutions are crucial in ensuring continuity and overcoming unforeseen challenges. It includes anecdotes from his own experiences, such as walking as an alternative to using the state bus during his school days and the modern preference for app-driven cab services.

3. **Leadership Lessons from Technological Transitions**: This article covers his observations and experiences during technological transitions in organizations. It includes his visit to Barauni Refinery, where he witnessed the shift from old Russian-built technology to new digital controls, and the importance of identifying knowledge gaps and making tough decisions.

4. **Tactful Refusal in Management**: This piece highlights the art of saying no without jeopardizing professional relationships or responsibilities. It includes his experience with Mr. Rangarajan at BHEL, where he tactfully refused a task that was beyond his department's resources.

5. **Motivation through Effort and Achievement**: Drawing from his observation of fruit-bearing trees in his Bhopal bungalow's courtyard, this article uses the metaphor of low-hanging and high-hanging fruit to discuss motivation and the importance of setting higher goals for long-term success.

Beyond his professional achievements, Roy has a rich personal life filled with creative pursuits. His hobbies include sketching, watercolor painting, writing short stories and management articles, and playing golf to maintain physical fitness. He married in 1972 and has a son who is settled in Australia.

Roy is actively involved with Bhalopahar, an organization dedicated to the education and welfare of underprivileged children, providing them with opportunities for a better future. He organizes funds to help run the establishment.

Roy has also made significant contributions to literature, having published a management book in both English and Hindi, along with three books of short stories in Hindi and one in English. His writing reflects his deep understanding of both technical and human aspects of management and life.

S. N. Roy is known for his friendly and easily accessible character. He is known for helping the poor and readily contributes to charity, reflecting his commitment to social welfare.

Roy's life story is a testament to his dedication, expertise, and passion in both his professional career and personal interests, making him a remarkable figure in his field and beyond.

"Second Chances: A Tale of Loss, Love, and Rebirth"

Srivastava often comes to my flat in Delhi. The other day, he came with a strange story about his friend Garg. Garg was sitting in his drawing room in Dehradun when a man arrived with a 10-year-old boy, claiming the boy was from an orphanage but kept mentioning Garg. The boy said he was his son Avi. However, Garg’s only son, Avi, had died in a landslide during a trek in the hills, while his wife, Swati, who didn't go on the trek, survived. Govind, the boy, looked at Garg and said, "Papa, it's me, Avi!" Then he suddenly climbed the stairs and went to Avi's bedroom. Garg was stunned. Swati had since remarried.

The story told by Srivastava about Garg

......

Garg sat in his Dehradun home, contemplating the strange turn of events. The mountains loomed in the distance, a constant reminder of the tragic day he lost Avi. The memory of the landslide was vivid, the grief still raw. Swati had remarried and moved on, but Garg was trapped in a web of memories and sorrow. The arrival of Govind had thrown his life into turmoil, reopening wounds he thought had started to heal.

Govind, with his innocent face and earnest eyes, was a constant enigma. Every day, the boy unveiled more details about Avi's life—details no outsider could possibly know. Garg was both fascinated and terrified by the possibility that this boy might indeed be the reincarnation of his son.

"Papa, remember how you used to take me to the river for fishing?" Govind asked one evening.

Garg's heart skipped a beat. Avi had loved those fishing trips. They were a sacred ritual, a father-son bond forged in the quiet stillness of nature. "Yes, Avi, I remember," Garg replied, his voice choked with emotion.

As days turned into weeks, Govind seamlessly integrated into Garg's life. The house, once echoing with silence, now resonated with laughter and warmth. Ramu, the faithful servant, watched with a mix of wonder and skepticism.

One night, Garg decided to test Govind. He asked him about a secret spot in the hills, a place only he and Avi knew. Without hesitation, Govind described the location in precise detail, even recalling the inscription they had carved into a rock: "Avi and Papa, forever."

The final piece of the puzzle fell into place. Garg's doubts began to melt away, replaced by a cautious hope. He decided to embrace this second chance, but with vigilance.

One afternoon, while going through Avi's old drawings, Govind found a sketch of a mountain range. "This was the last one I made before... before the accident," he said softly. Garg felt a pang of sorrow but also a flicker of acceptance. This boy, Govind, had somehow bridged the gap between past and present, allowing him to feel Avi's presence once more.

However, the mystery of the man who brought Govind still lingered. Garg hired a private investigator to uncover the truth. The investigation revealed that the man was indeed a con artist, but Govind had no ties to him. He had been abandoned at the orphanage and seemed to have genuinely remembered his past life.

Relieved, Garg decided to adopt Govind legally. He took him to the hill where Avi had died and performed a small ceremony, seeking closure for both their sakes. They scattered flowers and whispered prayers, the wind carrying their words to the heavens.

As the years passed, Govind thrived under Garg's care. The boy's uncanny memories of his past life began to fade, replaced by new experiences and a future filled with promise. Garg found solace in the fact that while Avi was gone, he had been given the gift of a new son—a second chance to love and be loved.

In the end, Garg realized that life's mysteries often defy explanation. He chose to embrace the present, cherishing the moments he had with Govind. Together, they healed, finding joy and purpose in the simple act of living.

The mountains stood as silent witnesses to their journey, timeless and unyielding, much like the enduring bond between a father and his son.

The Modern Success Story of the Old Parable: The Race Between the Rabbit and the Tortoise

## The Modern Success Story of the Old Parable: The Race Between the Rabbit and the Tortoise

The classic parable of the race between the rabbit and the tortoise is a timeless tale that emphasizes the virtues of persistence and steady progress over flashy but unsustainable speed. In today's fast-paced business world, this story finds modern resonance in the trajectories of various companies across industries. Let’s explore how this ancient wisdom is reflected in contemporary success stories, specifically focusing on the airline industry, and draw parallels with other sectors.

### The Race Between Kingfisher and IndiGo

In the Indian airline industry, Kingfisher Airlines and IndiGo embody the roles of the rabbit and the tortoise, respectively. Kingfisher Airlines, founded in 2005, entered the market with a bang. Known for its luxurious services, including in-flight entertainment and fine dining, Kingfisher quickly became the darling of the industry. Its aggressive expansion plans and flamboyant branding captured the imagination of the public and media alike. However, this rapid growth and lavish spending led to severe financial troubles. By 2012, Kingfisher Airlines had ceased operations, leaving behind a trail of unpaid debts and stranded passengers.

In stark contrast, IndiGo, founded in 2006, took a more measured approach. Focusing on operational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and consistent service, IndiGo steadily expanded its fleet and routes. Without the glamour and glitz of its competitor, IndiGo prioritized punctuality, affordability, and customer satisfaction. This strategy paid off. Today, IndiGo is India’s largest airline by market share, known for its reliability and strong financial health.

**Moral of the Story:**

Slow and steady wins the race. IndiGo’s focus on sustainability, efficiency, and customer satisfaction ultimately ensured its dominance, while Kingfisher’s rapid but unsustainable growth led to its downfall.

### Other Parables in Modern Business

The lesson of the tortoise and the rabbit can be seen in other sectors as well. Here are a few notable examples:

#### TCS vs. Satyam in the IT Industry

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) and Satyam Computers started their journey in the Indian IT sector with different approaches. Satyam, the rabbit in this story, grew rapidly and was initially seen as a leader in innovation and growth. However, its downfall came with the 2009 accounting scandal, leading to its acquisition by Tech Mahindra.

TCS, the tortoise, focused on building robust processes, talent development, and long-term client relationships. This steady and sustainable approach has made TCS one of the largest and most successful IT companies globally.

**Moral of the Story:**

Long-term thinking and sustainable practices ensure lasting success, as demonstrated by TCS’s consistent growth and stability.

#### HDFC Bank vs. Yes Bank in the Banking Sector

In the Indian banking sector, HDFC Bank and Yes Bank illustrate the same parable. Yes Bank, with its aggressive growth strategy and high-risk lending, rose quickly but faced a severe crisis due to poor asset quality and governance issues, leading to a government bailout in 2020.

HDFC Bank, on the other hand, has consistently focused on conservative lending practices, strong governance, and customer satisfaction. This steady and prudent approach has made HDFC Bank one of the most reliable and profitable banks in India.

**Moral of the Story:**

Prudent risk management and consistent focus on core values are key to long-term success, as HDFC Bank has shown.

#### Google vs. Yahoo! in Search Engine Technology

In the early days of the internet, Yahoo! was the dominant player in the search engine market, akin to the rabbit. However, its unfocused strategy and failure to innovate led to its decline.

Google, the tortoise, focused on developing superior search algorithms and gradually expanded its services while maintaining a user-centric approach. Today, Google is not just a search engine but a technology giant with diverse offerings.

**Moral of the Story:**

Focused innovation and a user-centric approach can lead to sustained success, as evidenced by Google’s rise to dominance.

### Conclusion

The modern business world offers numerous examples that reaffirm the age-old wisdom of the tortoise and the rabbit parable. Whether it's IndiGo in the airline industry, TCS in the IT sector, HDFC Bank in banking, or Google in search technology, the underlying message remains the same: steady, sustainable growth, and a focus on long-term goals often lead to enduring success, while flashy but unsustainable growth can result in failure. The moral of the story continues to resonate, proving that in the race for success, slow and steady often wins the race.

In the Café of Rick: A Personal Reverie Inspired by "Casablanca"

**In the Café of Rick: A Personal Reverie Inspired by "Casablanca"**

---

Of all the places, she had to come to my café in Casablanca. Rick Blaine's timeless words echo in my mind, resonating with moments in my life when, at the least expected times, I have encountered people who left a profound impact on me. One such unforgettable moment was meeting my late boss, Mr. Lahiri, at the popular Makaibari tea joint in Darjeeling. It was an experience to remember, filled with unexpected joy and nostalgia, unlike Rick, who was trying to avoid Ingrid Bergman.

My all-time favorite movie, "Casablanca," starring Humphrey Bogart, has etched its place in my heart. The film's iconic scenes, unforgettable dialogues, and profound emotions often transport me into its world. So many times, I have imagined myself in Casablanca, sitting in Rick's café, enveloped by the smoky ambiance, the tinkling of glasses, and Sam's soulful piano playing "As Time Goes By."

In my daydreams, I am Rick, running a café that serves as a refuge for lost souls, a place where stories intertwine, and destinies are shaped. The café is alive with the chatter of diverse patrons, each carrying their own stories of love, loss, and hope. It's a place where time seems to stand still, and the past and present converge in a delicate dance.

Just like Rick, I often find myself at the crossroads of emotions, navigating through the complexities of human relationships. The chance encounters, the fleeting moments of connection, and the bittersweet memories all find a place in the tapestry of my life. Mr. Lahiri's unexpected presence at the tea joint was one such moment. Our conversation over steaming cups of tea was not just about work but about life, dreams, and the paths we chose. It reminded me of the scene where Rick and Ilsa reminisce about their time in Paris, a city of lost hopes and unforgettable memories.

"Casablanca" teaches me about the power of sacrifice, the strength of character, and the resilience of the human spirit. Rick's transformation from a cynical, disillusioned man to a selfless hero who puts love above personal gain is a journey I deeply resonate with. It inspires me to face my own challenges with courage and to embrace the unexpected twists and turns of life.

As I sip my coffee, I am transported once again to Rick's café. The clinking of glasses, the hushed conversations, and the haunting melody of "La Marseillaise" fill the air. In this timeless space, I find solace and inspiration. Rick's café is not just a place in a movie; it is a symbol of hope, resilience, and the enduring power of love.

In the end, "Casablanca" is more than just a film for me. It is a reminder that life, with all its unpredictability, has a way of bringing us to places and people that shape our journey. It is about finding beauty in the unexpected and embracing the moments that make us who we are. And like Rick, I will always have my own café in Casablanca, a place where memories linger, and dreams are born.